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Usability and b2c Elearning Courses

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson

Following on from this.

Providing a course to people inside your organisation is problematic. But you usually know which operating systems, browsers, plugins, and so on, you have to target. You also have a good idea of the sort of people who will be doing the course.

Providing courses to the outside world — that’s much harder. What about the user whose company is still insisting on using Internet Explorer 6? The user whose Flash plugin is too old? The user whose popup blocker is interfering with a quiz?

So …


Test the Browser

Minimise the number of browsers and operating systems you support.

Make is clear which platforms you support.

Test the user’s browser before the course runs. Check for browser objects, properties, methods, plugins, and so on.

Fail early and gracefully. If you can, report the failure to support automatically. Don’t flummox the user with weird messages. Just let the user know the course doesn’t support the user’s browser. Tell the user how to change browsers. Provide a link to support.


Test with Users

What may seem intuitive to someone who uses computers a lot will seem weird to a person who doesn’t use computers a lot. And people who create courses tend to use computers a lot.

That clever simulation may will not just test a person’s ability to repair an engine. It will also test the person’s ability to mouse-over objects, click and drag and so on.

Don’t require extraneous computer skills. You’re not testing computer skills.

Don’t trust the judgement of computer literate folks on this topic!

You will need to watch some people from that industry do the course.

If the course is for plumbers, watch some plumbers do the course.

Computer literacy is not the only concern. Age groups, language groups, etc, are all important considerations. Again: work out what sort of people the course is for and watch them do the course.

Remember: to the user, the LMS and the course are the same thing. For testing purposes, you need treat the LMS and the content as one thing.

Users aren’t doing the course to learn how to use an LMS!


Computer-Phobia

Some users are afraid of computers. Those people who freak out when the wireless connection fails. When their audio level is set too low. They don’t quite know what a browser is. “Is that the big blue E?” they’ll ask.

Do you have to cater for this type of person?

Yes? Then identify them early on.

You can do this by asking some simple questions about the user’s computer. With each question, have an “I don’t know” option. A few “I don’t knows” and you might have a computer-phobic person. Try and provide personal assistance to these people. Although not always possible, person-to-person support is often ideal.

Gather Data

Problems are always going to come up when you launch a course. If it is a high volume course, then you’ll have a lot of unhappy customers.

Use a product such as snap a bug to collect user ticket info. Snap a bug is brilliant.

It’s easy for the end user, takes a screenshot for the support staff, and gives you really handy data.

We also note the number of support tickets per 1000 users. They vary across industries. But if you see a spike, you may have an intranet blocking content, a new browser roll-out in a company, a new version of Flash causing problems, etc.

The Future of the SCORM Standard

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson

The idea behind SCORM was to let people copy courses from one LMS to another.

Create a zip containing all the course data – images, video, pages, etc. No external resources are permitted for strict SCORM compliance — so all the resources need to be in that zip file. Add some XML files describing the course. Test the package against the SCORM testing suite. Then upload the zip file to any LMS.

And it should work in any SCORM compliant LMS.

The Future of SCORM

Sadly, the typical SCORM package isn’t really part of the Internet. It is self-contained. Cut-off from other servers, web services and so on. The course only has access to the files and data in its zip file. Its only contact with the outside world is with the LMS — via the SCORM “API”.

Ideally, courses need to be provided by web services of various kinds. They need to be embeddable on web pages, content needs to be provided securely by remote servers. Course management needs to be centralised in some cases – so a change in one place is reflected in all the LMSs running the course. And so on.

Open Sesame and Scorm cloud are doing their best to make this sort of thing work with SCORM as it is.

But SCORM needs to change.

Run-time Web Services for Learning Project

A project by LETSI, the “LETSI Run-time Web Services for Learning Project” (or “RTWS”) is an attempt to connect courses to the outside world.

RTWS uses the same CMI data model used by SCORM. With some additions, clarifications and simplifications; some resources are flagged as RTWS resources, a shared secret is inside the SCORM package — used to authenticate requests to a third party server, RTWS provides a way to send CMI data between systems using web services, and so on.

It allows courses to run on third party systems. It allows resources to load from elsewhere on the web. In short, it opens up that course to the rest of the web.

The Wider Changes Afoot

The scope of LETSI’s work is wider than just “courses-as-a-service”, of course. But just this change would allow for all sorts of interesting possibilities.

For instance:

Aggregates Mining Today - New off highway truck and mining truck simulators

What about a mining simulators that report student progress and scores back to a corporate LMS? We are involved with a mining company who would like to do that.

What about courses that involve students interacting with virtual worlds, games or social networks? Or tutorials with live participants – live audio and video streaming? Complex, dynamic, database-driven training?

All sorts of new business models emerge. Charging for time in a course, charging incrementally at certain points in a course, only charging on completion, and so on.

It’s great people are starting to modernise elearning standards; to move elearning into the wider web. It’s very exciting.

Why Open Sesame is Awesome and What’s Next…

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson

Open SesameOpen Sesame are trying to solve a big problem for course creators. So are Rustici, with their Scorm Cloud product.

Let me explain.

Let’s say you create a course. You’re faced with:

The Content Creator’s Big Problem

You sell your course to a few different institutions. They have different LMSs.

You have to support the course across all those LMSs. Deal with the quirks of Sharepoint’s odd built-in LMS. Make sure it works with that old version of Moodle. Deal with some weird proprietary system.

Argh!

If you want to update the SCORM package, you have to re-build the course, re-package it, and upload it to all those LMSs. Again.

Even if it’s just to correct a single page or spelling error.

You have no way of tracking usage.

No way of protecting your content.

Moreover, you have no simple way to sell your course. And what about credit card transactions? Collecting customer details?

You have to work it all out for yourself. It’s crazy.

Specialists in their areas of expertise often have great courses. But they don’t have resources to deal with this stuff.

So they remain the little guys.

They lose out to the ElementKs & Skillsofts of the world. The big guys who can deal with this stuff.

But there’s change in the air.

Solving the Elearning Infrastructure Problem

Open Sesame are providing infrastructure to course providers. They’re providing a way for little guys to sell courses and easily maintain them.

A central marketplace to sell content. Where credit card transactions, usage tracking, updating of courses and on on is all taken care of in one place.

It’s awesome.

It’ll help people find great content. It will help get courses out there.

It will allow for better licensing models. Per student instead of per site, for instance. (Being able to license on a per student basis would make our customers very happy.)

Course as A Service

This model is a variation on the notion of “course-as-a-service”. What’s that? It’s where the content of a course resides on a central server. Rather than upload the content to an LMS, the course buyer just consumes the course as if it was a service. The SCORM package the client uploads to his LMS just hooks into that service. The package doesn’t contain any content.

This centralisation of content takes care of many of those pesky licensing, tracking and maintenance problems.

Rustici has the dispatch product built into their Scorm Cloud system that does this. Indeed, SCORM cloud offers many interesting ways to distribute content.

I imagine Open Sesame plan to provide courses to buyers in similar ways.

In either case, experts are now tackling the infrastructure problems that are currently so painful for course creators.

It’s a great thing!

What’s Next?

So what’s next?

A simple “one-size-fits-all” marketplace will work for some. But for many markets there is a need for more specialised course provision. Where quality assurance is provided. Where legal requirements are met. Where the content is vetted by certified professionals. Etc.

We’ll see some “white label” products built on top of more generic course-as-a-service infrastructure to handle these extra requirements.

But whatever form it takes, it is inevitable that course-as-a-service in its various forms is going to be big. Scorm Cloud and Open Sesame are showing the way.

Very exciting times for us elearning geeks!

Leadership Lessons from Dancing Guy

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson

Derek Sivers’ 3-minute TED talk via Signal v. Noise

RSS in Plain English

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson

I’m often stunned by how few people use RSS readers – Ecampus staff included.

From the very talented Instructional Designers at commoncraft.com

LMS Data Portability

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson

Much of our growth over the last 12  months has been driven by companies moving to Ecampus from other Australian LMS vendors, whereas in the preceding years the majority of sales where typically driven by companies adopting their first elearning solution.

Working with these companies has been great experience; however, on numerous occasions our clients have run into problems when trying to get their existing data out of their old LMS… They can’t.

One way vendors prevent their clients from moving to ‘greener pastures’ is to ‘lock in’ their data so that the cost of migration makes changing vendors unappealing.

So what methods do some LMS vendors use to lock in your data?

1. SCORM ‘Enhancements’

  • Exporting learning content and testing it in the ADL test suite for SCORM compliance.
  • Creating some sample student assessment data and then trying to export it in a meaningful format (including student answers and text).
  • Exporting student progress and completion data for learning modules undertaken.

SCORM is a universal interoperability standard used for developing elearning content. Love it or hate it, vendors and their clients need to deal with it. Content developed in LMS is often promised to be SCORM compliant when exported (designed to give the content owner some comfort that what they are developing does not have to stay tethered to that LMS forever). The reality is that this content is often useless once exported as it references ‘enhanced’ features and functionality that are native to the LMS, and as such will not be supported when exported to run in another LMS. Worse still is when the content is in a proprietary format that cannot be exported.

2. Student’s results data

Some LMS’ give users the ability to export reports and other data in Microsoft Excel or similar formats. However, often these exports do not provide all the information required to migrate systems and maintain accurate compliance records. For example, you may be able to download a report on student completion status for a course, but you will not be able to export a list of the questions answered and their subsequent responses. Essentially, that training data is locked in the LMS.

3. Student learning data

If student assessments incorporate short answer text answers, forum and text chat responses, they need to be kept in training records. Often this data is not available other than in the LMS system.

Protecting against vendor lock in

The best way to protect against vendor lock in is when purchasing a solution. You need to ask yourself if you were to no longer work with this vendor, what information would you need to take with you and then test the system to ensure that data is available.

Ecampus and your data

Customers of Ecampus can access their data in several ways. Data can be exported from the system by system administrators via a complete MySQL database dump. This essentially provides you with the complete database – every record collected.

All learning content can be exported in SCORM compliant (and verified) format and third-party learning content can be downloaded in the format in which it was uploaded. Ecampus’ XML API also provides access to user records and course data, and individual course level student assessment data can be downloaded in Microsoft Excel or CSV format.

Who do you need on your elearning team?

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson
So you are going to start delivering elearning in your organisation. In order to do this successfully, you will need to gather the right skills to develop engaging professional content that will deliver the learning objectives required. Let’s take a quick look at some of the people and skills you may need on your project.

Often you will find people with multiple skills, or you may need various people with specific skills, but by working alongside such specialists will enable you to pick up skills that you can use on your own in the future.

Learning Content Team

Instructional designer

An instructional designer creates instructional material for learning. They often assess learner needs and determine goals and outcomes for learning

Subject matter expert

A subject matter expert is an expert in a particular area that learning materials are going to be created for. This could be the in-house CRM guru or the product manager for a technical product.

Graphic designer

The graphic designer is there to make the learning content look great. From creating templates to page layouts, styling diagrams and selecting images, a graphic designer will add polish to your course.

Flash Developer

At times you may need to add complex interactions and simulations. To do this you are probably going to need a flash developer. Flash content is typically developed in Adobe Flash and requires specialised skills.

Multimedia developer

If you are lucky your graphic designer or flash developer may be able to handle the additional elements that can be used in elearning content. However, if they are unable to, a multimedia developer will be able to assist you in creating such elements. If you are working with video the multimedia developer will provide you with the video and audio editing and signal processing skills, as well as encoding multimedia formats appropriately for playback.

Learning Management System (LMS) Team

LMS administrator

The LMS administrator is essentially the power user for the system. They will understand the configuration and setup options and how to map the LMS functionality to the organisation’s processes and learning needs. They will also understand how to set up and configure courses utilising all of the course tools.

LMS course manager

A LMS course manager may be involved in setting up courses, but more likely they are there to guide students through the learning content and assess non-automated assessment items and liaise with students who are having difficulty with the learning content.

Help Desk

Depending on the size of your organisation and IT environment, you may need to have a help desk person to deal with students’ technical issues.

Elearning Update

ollie
Elearning Update

Elearning Update

Elearning 2.0

To get a sense of eLearning 2.0, it’s helpful to have some sense of what Web 2.0 is. Probably the most cited article on this is from Tim O’Reilly called “What is Web 2.o?”

Emerging E-Learning Technology: Podcasts

One of the emerging technologies associated with E-Learning today is incorporating the use of podcasts into E-Learning course delivery.

Pros And Cons – Pros And Cons Of E-Learning

E-learning has shown its great advantages through its accessibility to all students irrespective of their residence.

Concept Design Tools

Designers of digital products and services like ourselves can dramatically improve our work by generating more concepts early in our projects. This article tries to make concept design easier to learn by illustrating three simple tools for generating concepts.

Choosing The Right Content-Authoring Tool For Your E-Learning Needs

There are several hundred e-Learning tools out in the marketplace today. Selecting the proper course-authoring tool for developing your company’s online training content is no small undertaking.

How to develop an elearning strategy.

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson

Define your objectives.

The first step in developing an e-learning strategy is to define the objectives of the intiative. What knowledge do you need to transfer to your students? Determine what time frame you would like to develop your initiative in and you cost restraints. And ask yourself, how you will track the learner’s progress.

Who are your end users?

Think about who will be using the course. If the learner is older and less tech savvy, you may need to accommodate for additional support. If the learner is young, you may want to produce a course with animation.

What tools to use?

There is an abundance of e-learning tools to choose from and it can be overwhelming. You will need to decide what features you require and how you will use the application.

If you plan on creating a course with interaction and multimedia you may need to purchase a high end elearning tool. However, if it is a simple text based course there is no need to spend additional money on a fancy application.

Internally or externally develop.

You must determine whether you will develop content internally or engage an outside source to develop the content for you.

Engaging a professional content development company may seem expensive at first but could save you a lot of time and money in the long run, with a better final product.

Technical support.

Consideration must be given to support for the end user. This decision will be based on the quantity and capabilities of the end user. There are several options for support. You may choose a help desk or supply support files. However, don’t forget, even in this day and age, there are people unfamiliar with computers. Even the simplest computing tasks may need to be explained.

Measuring success.

Finally, indentify how you will measure if the initiative was successful. Was one of the objectives to decrease the cost in training? If so, make calculations on return on investment. Calculate how much your current method of training costs and compare with total cost of the e-learning initiative

Ten Reasons Elearning Can Fail.

Nick Stephenson
Nick Stephenson

1. No Overall Aim.

Make sure students understand why they are taking the course and what they’ll get out of it.

2. Vague planning.

Decide what you want students to learn and how they’ll learn it. Vague aims will not usually suffice. Find out the technical options. The course must be defined in those terms. The first slide will contain this video in this format, we’ll use this font, we’ll use pictures here, video there, and so on. Write it all down. Discuss it with colleagues. Test your ideas on prospective students. Don’t be afraid to ask developers to explain things.

3. Poorly designed content.

Many elearning modules are bland. They have too much text. Elearning should be interactive. It should look good. Video, animation, sound and good design can really help. Before you start, find out about what the technology offers. How can you use it? For instance, how will you use forums? Quizzes? Audio? Animation? Video? Drag and drop?

4. Hard to use. The course doesn’t work on student computers. Lack of testing.

The course and the LMS must be easy to use. If it is not user friendly then people will avoid using it. Make it easy to enrol, take the course and review results. Test the course on typical student computers. Consider bandwidth, browser versions, firewalls, operating systems, and so on. For instance, will student internet connections be fast enough to watch video playback?

6. Inadequate tracking of enrolments and results.

Who has enrolled? Who has completed the course? Who is failing? These sorts of questions are answered by tracking student interaction with the course. You can only get answers based on the information gathered. So when you test your course with typical students, test the reports being generated too. Make sure that all the information you need is being recorded. Make sure that the system records what you want before real students start taking your course.

7. Stakeholders not consulted.

Every stakeholder needs to be aware of the aims of the elearning program. Where possible, involve all stakeholders in appropriate parts the project. For instance, make sure adminstrative staff are happy with the reports generated by the LMS.

8. Poor support.

Good support means a support desk, an online forum and FAQs. Without access to support, learners will become despondent if they encounter a problem. When you solve problems, add the solution to a FAQ or a forum. Prefereably one students and staff can search.

9. Poor workflow integration.

The most important step is to integrate the elearning program with business processes. Make sure the way it integrates is supported by all management.

10. Forgetting business aims.

For example, does the course improve efficiency and reduce expenses? Does it reduce training contact time? Ask these sorts of questions. Can these things be quantified financially? Does the course represent a good return on investment?